ABRAHAM BEN ELIJAH OF VILNA
- ABRAHAM BEN ELIJAH OF VILNA
- ABRAHAM BEN ELIJAH OF VILNA (1750–1808), talmudic and
midrashic scholar. Abraham received most of his education from his
father elijah b. solomon zalman , "the Vilna Gaon." He acquired
complete command of rabbinic literature and much general knowledge. He
had a strikingly critical approach to history and literature. Even
before zunz , Abraham investigated the nature and development of
the Midrashim and had written a valuable introduction to his edition of
Midrash Aggadat Bereshit (Vilna, 1802). His work Rav
Pe'alim (1894), an alphabetical index of all the midrashic works
known to him, contains critical observations on 130 Midrashim. Abraham
wrote a universal geography, Gevulot Ereẓ ("The Earth's
Boundaries," published anonymously, Berlin, 1821). He composed
commentaries on several tractates of the Talmud and on Midrash
Rabbah, glosses and notes to the Jerusalem Talmud, a book on
weights and measures in the Talmud, another on place-names mentioned in
Talmud and Midrash, and several other works, some unpublished. Abraham
was active in communal affairs and was one of the parnasim of
the Vilna Jewish community. Together with his brother, Judah Loeb, he
published several of his father's works, and incorporated in them
explanatory material from his father's oral teaching.
-BIBLIOGRAPHY:
J.H. Lewin, Aliyyot Eliyahu (18612), 94 ff.;
Yaveẓ, in: Kenesset Yisrael, 1 (1886), 132–3; Kaufmann, in:
MGWJ, 39 (1895), 136–9; S. Buber, Yeri'ot
Shelomo (1896), 3–4 (introd.); S.J. Fuenn, Kiryah
Ne'emanah (19152), 210–2; J.L. Maimon (ed.), Sefer
ha-Gra, 1 (1953), 108–10.
(Simha Assaf)
Encyclopedia Judaica.
1971.
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